India reports its third HMPV case in Ahmedabad, following two in Karnataka. The virus, affecting children and vulnerable groups.
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Ahmedabad: Gujarat has reported its first confirmed case of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) infection, marking the third case in India after two earlier cases were identified in Karnataka. The latest case involves a two-year-old child who was admitted to a private hospital in Ahmedabad’s Chandkheda area. The child is currently undergoing treatment, and healthcare authorities are closely monitoring the situation.
HMPV Cases in Karnataka and Ahmedabad
The Union Health Ministry confirmed two cases of HMPV in Karnataka before the Ahmedabad case was reported. According to the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), these cases were identified during routine surveillance for respiratory viral pathogens.
- Case 1 in Karnataka: A three-month-old female infant with a history of bronchopneumonia was diagnosed with HMPV after being admitted to Baptist Hospital in Bengaluru. The infant has since been discharged following successful treatment.
- Case 2 in Karnataka: An eight-month-old male infant, also with bronchopneumonia, tested positive for HMPV on January 3, 2025, at the same hospital. He is currently recovering under medical supervision.
- Case in Ahmedabad: The HMPV infection in Gujarat was detected in a two-year-old child admitted to a private hospital in the Chandkheda area of Ahmedabad. This marks the first case of HMPV in the state, raising concerns about its potential spread.
What Is Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV )?
Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a respiratory virus that primarily affects children, older adults, and immunocompromised individuals. It is known to cause symptoms similar to other respiratory infections, including cough, fever, nasal congestion, and, in severe cases, bronchitis or pneumonia. The virus is transmitted through respiratory droplets, close contact with infected individuals, or touching contaminated surfaces.
Although HMPV is globally prevalent and circulates throughout India, its detection in Ahmedabad marks an important reminder of the need for heightened surveillance and preventive measures.
Gujarat Issues Advisory to Prevent Spread
In response to the confirmed case, the Gujarat Department of Health and Family Welfare has issued a detailed advisory to help prevent the spread of HMPV and other respiratory illnesses. The advisory emphasizes personal hygiene, respiratory etiquette, and prompt medical attention for those experiencing symptoms.
Do’s
- Cover your mouth and nose with a handkerchief or tissue while sneezing or coughing.
- Wash hands frequently with soap and water, especially after sneezing, coughing, or touching potentially contaminated surfaces.
- Avoid crowded places and maintain physical distance from individuals showing symptoms of the flu or respiratory infections.
- Stay at home and avoid visiting public places if experiencing symptoms such as fever, cough, or sneezing.
- Drink plenty of fluids, consume a nutritious diet, and ensure adequate sleep to boost immunity.
- Ensure living spaces are well-ventilated to reduce the risk of airborne transmission.
Don’ts
- Avoid touching your eyes, nose, or mouth unnecessarily, as this can facilitate the spread of the virus.
- Do not share personal items like towels, handkerchiefs, or utensils with infected individuals.
- Refrain from self-medicating; consult a healthcare professional if symptoms worsen or persist.
Surveillance and Preparedness
The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has emphasized that the situation is under control, with no significant surge in Influenza-Like Illness (ILI) or Severe Acute Respiratory Illness (SARI) cases reported nationwide. Surveillance systems, including the Integrated Disease Surveillance Program (IDSP) and ICMR, are actively monitoring the situation to track trends in HMPV circulation throughout the year.
The Union Health Ministry has reassured the public that India’s healthcare infrastructure is well-prepared to handle any potential increase in respiratory illnesses. Preparedness drills conducted across the country have demonstrated the ability to deploy public health interventions promptly if required.
Global Context
HMPV is not limited to India; it is in circulation globally, with cases reported in various countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) has been monitoring rising cases of respiratory illnesses in China, providing timely updates to member nations. This global vigilance is essential for coordinated action to mitigate the spread of such infections.
Public Awareness and Health Recommendations
Public awareness plays a crucial role in controlling the spread of respiratory infections like HMPV. Adhering to preventive measures, practicing good hygiene, and seeking timely medical advice are critical steps in mitigating the impact of the virus.
While the Ahmedabad case marks the first confirmed instance of HMPV in Gujarat, it also highlights the importance of routine surveillance, early detection, and public health advisories in managing emerging health challenges.
Conclusion
The recent detection of HMPV cases in Karnataka and Gujarat underscores the importance of maintaining vigilance against respiratory infections. Although no unusual surge in cases has been reported, the advisory issued by Gujarat serves as a proactive measure to curb the spread of HMPV.
With robust surveillance systems, timely public health interventions, and informed citizens, India is well-equipped to address this challenge and ensure the safety and well-being of its population.
FAQ’S
What is Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV)?
HMPV is a respiratory virus that primarily affects children, older adults, and immunocompromised individuals. It causes symptoms like cough, fever, nasal congestion, and in severe cases, bronchitis or pneumonia.
How is HMPV transmitted?
HMPV spreads through respiratory droplets, close contact with infected individuals, or by touching contaminated surfaces and then touching the face.
Who is most at risk of HMPV infection?
Children under five, older adults, and people with weakened immune systems are at higher risk of severe illness from HMPV.
What are the symptoms of HMPV?
Symptoms include cough, fever, runny nose, sore throat, and wheezing. Severe cases may result in bronchitis or pneumonia.
How was HMPV detected in Ahmedabad?
HMPV was detected in a two-year-old child admitted to a private hospital in Ahmedabad’s Chandkheda area. The case was identified through routine surveillance.
What precautions should individuals take to prevent HMPV?
Maintain personal hygiene.
Cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing.
Wash hands frequently.
Avoid crowded areas and contact with sick individuals.
Is there a vaccine for HMPV?
No, there is currently no vaccine for HMPV. Preventive measures like hygiene and avoiding close contact with infected individuals are crucial.
What actions has Gujarat taken in response to the case?
The Gujarat government issued an advisory stressing hygiene, respiratory etiquette, and seeking timely medical attention for respiratory symptoms.
How is HMPV different from other respiratory viruses like the flu?
While symptoms overlap, HMPV is caused by a different virus and can lead to severe complications, especially in high-risk groups.
What is the current status of HMPV in India?
India has reported three cases so far: two in Karnataka and one in Gujarat. Surveillance is ongoing, and no unusual surge in cases has been reported nationwide.